目的 研究瓜蒌不同溶剂提取物的化学成分、抗氧化性及抗大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的药效学。方法 采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定不同溶剂提取物的化学成分，评价抗氧化性。采用结扎大鼠左冠状动脉制备心肌缺血再灌注模型。大鼠随机分为6组，每组6只，假手术组、模型组分别给予生理盐水，瓜蒌各给药组:22.5 g·kg^-1(相当于生药)，复方丹参滴丸组:0.085 g·kg^-1，1次·d^-1，给药7 d，末次给药后1 h结扎左冠状动脉30 min后解结扎120 min，记录心电图变化，测定血浆CK-MB、MYO-MB、cTnT含量，光镜观察心肌组织变化。结果 与瓜蒌水提取液组和醇提取液组比较，瓜蒌二氯甲烷提取液组的总氨基酸含量偏低(P<0.01)，总黄酮含量偏高(P<0.01)。与瓜蒌水提取液组比较，瓜蒌二氯甲烷提取液组对DPPH自由基的抗氧化性降低(P<0.01)，瓜蒌醇提取液组对·OH自由基的抗氧化性降低(P<0.01)。与模型组比较，各组可使再灌注期间心电图ST段明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)，其中瓜蒌水提取液组尤为明显。与模型组相比，瓜蒌提取物具有降低大鼠血浆CK-MB、cTnT、MYO-MB含量的趋势，其中瓜蒌水提取液组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论 瓜蒌提取液具有一定的抗氧化能力，同时出具有一定的抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤作用。瓜蒌水提液的抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤作用要优于瓜蒌醇提液和二氯甲烷提取液。

OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of different solvent extracts from Fructus Trichosanthis, and to study their antioxidant activity and protection of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS The chemical constituents in different solvent extracts were determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Myocardial ischemia reperfusion model was made by ligation of left coronary artery in rats. Rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 6 rats in each group.The sham operation group and the model groups were respectively given normal saline, Fructus Trichosanthis (equivalent to crude drug 22.5 g·kg^-1), compound Danshen dripping pill group(0.085 g·kg^-1).Medicines were given once a day for 7 d. After the last drug 1 h, left coronary artery was ligated for 30 min and then reperfusion was established for 120 min by removing the ligation. During this time, ECG was recorded. At the end, animals were euthanized. Blood was collected to evaluate the contents of CK-MB, MYO-MB, cTnT. The heart was removed and fixed to observe the changes of myocardial tissue by optical microscope. RESULTS Compared with the water extract group and the alcohol extract group of Fructus Trichosanthis, the total amino acids content of Fructus Trichosanthis dichloromethane extract was not detected, but the content of total flavonoids is higher (P<0.01). Compared with the water extraction liquid of Fructus Trichosanthis, the antioxidant properties on DPPH radical of Fructus Trichosanthis dichloromethane extract group is lower (P<0.01), and the antioxidant activity on-OH free radical of the alcohol extract of Fructus Trichosanthis group is lower (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the elevation of ST segment of electrocardiogram was significantly suppressed in each group during reperfusion (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The plasma CK-MB,cTnT and MYO-MB in water extract group were significant lowered (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The extraction of Fructus Trichosanthis is able to decrease the production of oxidants. The water extract of Fructus Trichosanthis could ameliorate myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.